After installing a new version of a package, a systems administrator notices a new version of the corresponding, service file was Installed In order to use the new version of the, service file, which of the following commands must be Issued FIRST?
Correct Answer:
D
After installing a new version of a package that includes a new version of the corresponding service file, the systemct1 daemon-reload command must be issued first in order to use the new version of the service file. This command will reload the systemd manager configuration and read all unit files that have changed on disk. This will ensure that systemd recognizes the new service file and applies its settings correctly. The systemct1 status command will display information about a service unit, but it will not reload the configuration. The systemct1 stop command will stop a service unit, but it will not reload the configuration. The systemct1 reinstall command does not exist. References: CompTIA Linux+ (XK0-005) Certification Study Guide, Chapter 17: System Maintenance and Operation, page 518.
A systems administrator wants to list all local accounts in which the UID is greater than 500. Which of the following commands will give the correct output?
Correct Answer:
C
The correct command to list all local accounts in which the UID is greater than 500 is:
awk -F: '$3 > 500 {print $1}' /etc/passwd
This command uses awk to process the /etc/passwd file, which contains information about the local users on the system. The -F: option specifies that the fields are separated by colons. The $3 refers to the third field, which is the UID. The condition $3 > 500 filters out the users whose UID is greater than 500. The action {print $1} prints the first field, which is the username.
The other commands are incorrect because:
✑ find /etc/passwd —size +500 will search for files that are larger than 500 blocks in size, not users with UID greater than 500.
✑ cut —d: fl / etc/ passwd > 500 will cut the first field of the /etc/passwd file using colon as the delimiter, but it will not filter by UID or print only the usernames. The > 500 part will redirect the output to a file named 500, not compare with the UID.
✑ sed '/UID/' /etc/passwd < 500>References:
✑ Linux List All Users In The System Command - nixCraft, section “List all users in Linux using /etc/passwd file”.
✑ Unix script getting users with UID bigger than 500 - Stack Overflow, section “Using awk”.
A Linux systems administrator is configuring a new filesystem that needs the capability to be mounted persistently across reboots. Which of the following commands will accomplish this task? (Choose two.)
Correct Answer:
BF
"modify the /etc/fstab text file to automatically mount the new partition by opening it in an editor and adding the following line:
/dev/ xxx 1 /data ext4 defaults 1 2
where xxx is the device name of the storage device"
https://learning.oreilly.com/library/view/mastering-linux-system/9781119794455/b01.xhtml To configure a new filesystem that needs the capability to be mounted persistently across reboots, two commands are needed: mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdc1 and echo “/dev/sdc1 /data ext4 defaults 0 0” >> /etc/fstab. The first command creates an ext4 filesystem on the device /dev/sdc1, which is the partition that will be used for the new filesystem. The second command appends a line to the /etc/fstab file, which is the configuration file that controls persistent mount points of filesystems. The line specifies the device name, the mount point (/data), the filesystem type (ext4), the mount options (defaults), and the dump and pass values (0 0). The other commands are incorrect because they either do not create or configure a filesystem, or they have wrong syntax or arguments. References: CompTIA Linux+ Study Guide, Fourth Edition, page 409-410, 414-415.
A systems administrator needs to clone the partition /dev/sdc1 to /dev/sdd1. Which of the following commands will accomplish this task?
Correct Answer:
C
The command dd if=/dev/sdc1 of=/dev/sdd1 copies the data from the input file (if) /dev/sdc1 to the output file (of) /dev/sdd1, byte by byte. This is the correct way to clone a partition. The other options are incorrect because they either compress the data (tar -cvzf), synchronize the files (rsync), or copy the files over a network (scp), which are not the same as cloning a partition. References: CompTIA Linux+ (XK0-005) Certification Study Guide, Chapter 10: Managing Storage, page 321.
Application code is stored in Git. Due to security concerns, the DevOps engineer does not want to keep a sensitive configuration file, app . conf, in the repository. Which of the following should the engineer do to prevent the file from being uploaded to the repository?
Correct Answer:
D
This will prevent the file app.conf from being tracked by Git and uploaded to the repository. The .gitignore file is a special file that contains patterns of files and directories that Git should ignore. Any file that matches a pattern in the .gitignore file will not be staged, committed, or pushed to the remote repository. The .gitignore file should be placed in the root directory of the repository and committed along with the other files.
The other options are incorrect because:
* A. Run git exclude app.conf
This is not a valid Git command. There is no such thing as git exclude. The closest thing is git update-index --assume-unchanged, which tells Git to temporarily ignore changes to a file, but it does not prevent the file from being uploaded to the repository.
* B. Run git stash app.conf
This will temporarily save the changes to the file app.conf in a stash, which is a hidden storage area for uncommitted changes. However, this does not prevent the file from being tracked by Git or uploaded to the repository. The file will still be part of the working tree and the index, and it will be restored when the stash is popped or applied.
* C. Add app.conf to .exclude
This will have no effect, because Git does not recognize a file named .exclude. The only files that Git uses to ignore files are .gitignore, $GIT_DIR/info/exclude, and core.excludesFile.
References:
✑ Git - gitignore Documentation
✑ .gitignore file - ignoring files in Git | Atlassian Git Tutorial
✑ Ignoring files - GitHub Docs
✑ [CompTIA Linux+ Certification Exam Objectives]
