You are a penetration tester reviewing a client’s website through a web browser. INSTRUCTIONS
Review all components of the website through the browser to determine if vulnerabilities are present. Remediate ONLY the highest vulnerability from either the certificate, source, or cookies.
If at any time you would like to bring back the initial state of the simulation, please click the Reset All button.
Solution:
Graphical user interface Description automatically generated
Does this meet the goal?
Correct Answer:
A
In an unprotected network file repository, a penetration tester discovers a text file containing usernames and passwords in cleartext and a spreadsheet containing data for 50 employees, including full names, roles, and serial numbers. The tester realizes some of the passwords in the text file follow the format:
Correct Answer:
D
Penetration on an assessment for a client organization, a penetration tester notices numerous outdated software package versions were installed ...s-critical servers. Which of the following would best mitigate this issue?
Correct Answer:
A
The best way to mitigate this issue is to implement patching and change control programs, which are processes that involve applying updates or fixes to software packages to address vulnerabilities, bugs, or performance issues, and managing or documenting the changes made to the software packages to ensure consistency, compatibility, and security. Patching and change control programs can help prevent or reduce the risk of attacks that exploit outdated software package versions, which may contain known or unknown vulnerabilities that can compromise the security or functionality of the systems or servers. Patching and change control programs can be implemented by using tools such as WSUS, which is a tool that can manage and distribute updates for Windows systems and applications1, or Git, which is a tool that can track and control changes to source code or files2. The other options are not valid ways to mitigate this issue. Revision of client scripts used to perform system updates is not a sufficient way to mitigate this issue, as it may not address the root cause of why the software package versions are outdated, such as lack of awareness, resources, or policies. Remedial training for the client’s systems administrators is not a direct way to mitigate this issue, as it may not result in immediate or effective actions to update the software package versions. Refrainment from patching systems until quality assurance approves is not a way to mitigate this issue, but rather a potential cause or barrier for why the software package versions are outdated.
A penetration tester initiated the transfer of a large data set to verify a proof-of-concept attack as permitted by the ROE. The tester noticed the client's data included PII, which is out of scope, and immediately stopped the transfer. Which of the following MOST likely explains the penetration tester's decision?
Correct Answer:
A
Situational awareness is the ability to perceive and understand the environment and events around oneself, and to act accordingly. The penetration tester demonstrated situational awareness by stopping the transfer of PII, which was out of scope and could have violated the ROE or legal and ethical principles. The other options are not relevant to the situation or the decision of the penetration tester.
Which of the following is the MOST common vulnerability associated with IoT devices that are directly connected to the Internet?
Correct Answer:
A
