ISTQB-CTFL Free Practice Test

Which ONE of the following statements about state transition testing is correct?

1. A. The state transition diagram explicitly shows all invalid transitions.
2. B. The size of the state table depends on the number of possible transitions between the states
3. C. Usually it is not possible to create tests to cover ell transitions and all stales
4. D. All transitions between states are explicitly shown in the state table.

Correct Answer: D
State transition testing is a black-box testing technique used to analyze the behavior of a system by examining the transitions between different states in response to events. In state transition testing, a state table or diagram is used to represent the states of a system and the transitions between these states triggered by events.
Option D is correct because in state transition testing, all transitions between states should be explicitly shown in the state table. This includes valid transitions that the system is expected to make under normal operation and, where relevant, invalid transitions that should be tested to ensure the system handles unexpected or erroneous inputs gracefully. The state table provides a comprehensive view of how the system should behave, making it possible to create tests that cover all defined transitions.

Consider the following statements about risk-based testing.
I) Risk-based testing has the objective to reduce the level of protect risks.
II) Tests should be prioritized to find tie critical detects as early as possible.
III) Non-testing activities may also help to reduce risk
IV) Risks have to be reassessed on a regular basis.
V) The project stakeholders can give useful input to determine the risks

1. A. I III IV and V are tru
2. B. II is false.
3. C. II, III IV and V are correc
4. D. I is false.
5. E. I, II and IV are tru
6. F. III and V are false.
7. G. II, Ill and V are tru
8. H. 1 ants Iv are false.

Correct Answer: B
The following statements about risk-based testing are correct:
✑ II) Tests should be prioritized to find tie critical detects as early as possible. Risk- based testing involves prioritizing tests based on risk level, which reflects both the likelihood and impact of defects or failures. Tests with higher risk level should be executed earlier than tests with lower risk level, in order to find and fix critical defects as soon as possible.
✑ III) Non-testing activities may also help to reduce risk. Risk-based testing does not
only involve testing activities, but also other activities that can help mitigate risks, such as reviews, inspections, audits, simulations or prototyping.

Which of the following CORRECTLY matches the roles and responsibilities in a formal review?

1. A. Facilitator - Fixes defects in the work product under review
2. B. Scribe - Collates potential defects found during the individual review activity
3. C. Review Leader - Creates the work product under review
4. D. Author - Identify potential defects in the work product under review

Correct Answer: B
In formal reviews, the scribe's role is to collate potential defects and other findings during the review process. This position is crucial as it ensures all observations and defects are recorded accurately, facilitating efficient analysis and resolution of issues identified during the review.References:ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, Section 3.2.4 "Roles and Responsibilities in a Formal Review".

Which of the following sentences describe a product risk?

1. A. The application might not be able to provide the expected responsiveness under a load of up-lo 300 concurrent users
2. B. Failure in acquiring an adequate and test automation tool
3. C. A wrong configuration of the test environment that causes incidents related to the environment and not to the software under test
4. D. The development team lacks knowledge of the technology on which the product is based

Correct Answer: A
This question relates to identifying product risks, which are potential problems associated with the product itself, such as software functionality, reliability, usability, and performance. Option A describes a scenario where the application might not meet performance requirements under specific conditions (up to 300 concurrent users), which directly impacts the product's ability to perform its intended function. This is a classic example of a product risk, as it concerns the product's quality and its ability to meet user needs. Options B, C, and D, on the other hand, relate to project risks, which are concerns related to the management and execution of the project, such as tool acquisition, environment configuration, and team expertise, rather than the quality of the product itself.

Which of the following coverage criteria results in the highest coverage for state transition based test cases?

1. A. Can't be determined
2. B. Covering all transitions at least once
3. C. Covering only start and end states
4. D. Covering all states at least once

Correct Answer: B
Covering all transitions at least once is the highest coverage criterion for state transition based test cases, because it ensures that every possible change of state is tested at least once. This means that all the events that trigger the transitions, as well as the actions and outputs that result from the transitions, are verified. Covering all transitions at least once also implies covering all states at least once, but not vice versa. Therefore, option D is not the highest coverage criterion. Option C is the lowest coverage criterion, because it only tests the initial and final states of the system or component, without checking the intermediate states or transitions. Option A is incorrect, because the coverage criteria for state transition based test cases can be determined and compared based on the number of transitions and states covered. References = CTFL 4.0 Syllabus, Section 4.2.3, page 49-50.