AWS-Solution-Architect-Associate Free Practice Test

- (Topic 3)
A company wants to use high performance computing (HPC) infrastructure on AWS for financial risk modeling. The company's HPC workloads run on Linux. Each HPC workflow runs on hundreds of Amazon EC2 Spot Instances, is shorl-lived, and generates thousands of output files that are ultimately stored in persistent storage for analytics and long-term future use.
The company seeks a cloud storage solution that permits the copying of on-premises data to long-term persistent storage to make data available for processing by all EC2 instances. The solution should also be a high performance file system that is integrated with persistent storage to read and write datasets and output files.
Which combination of AWS services meets these requirements?

1. A. Amazon FSx for Lustre integrated with Amazon S3
2. B. Amazon FSx for Windows File Server integrated with Amazon S3
3. C. Amazon S3 Glacier integrated with Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS)
4. D. Amazon S3 bucket with a VPC endpoint integrated with an Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) General Purpose SSD (gp2) volume

Correct Answer: A
https://aws.amazon.com/fsx/lustre/
Amazon FSx for Lustre is a fully managed service that provides cost-effective, high- performance, scalable storage for compute workloads. Many workloads such as machine learning, high performance computing (HPC), video rendering, and financial simulations depend on compute instances accessing the same set of data through high-performance shared storage.

- (Topic 4)
A company needs to extract the names of ingredients from recipe records that are stored as text files in an Amazon S3 bucket A web application will use the ingredient names to query an Amazon DynamoDB table and determine a nutrition score.
The application can handle non-food records and errors The company does not have any employees who have machine learning knowledge to develop this solution
Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

1. A. Use S3 Event Notifications to invoke an AWS Lambda function when PutObject requests occur Program the Lambda function to analyze the object and extract the ingredient names by using Amazon Comprehend Store the Amazon Comprehend output in the DynamoDB table.
2. B. Use an Amazon EventBridge rule to invoke an AWS Lambda function when PutObject requests occu
3. C. Program the Lambda function to analyze the object by using Amazon Forecast to extract the ingredient names Store the Forecast output in the DynamoDB table.
4. D. Use S3 Event Notifications to invoke an AWS Lambda function when PutObject requests occur Use Amazon Polly to create audio recordings of the recipe record
5. E. Save the audio files in the S3 bucket Use Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) to send a URL as a message to employees Instruct the employees to listen to the audio files and calculate the nutrition score Store the ingredient names in the DynamoDB table.
6. F. Use an Amazon EventBridge rule to invoke an AWS Lambda function when a PutObject request occurs Program the Lambda function to analyze the object and extract the ingredient names by using Amazon SageMaker Store the inference output from the SageMaker endpoint in the DynamoDB table.

Correct Answer: A
This solution meets the following requirements:
✑ It is cost-effective, as it only uses serverless components that are charged based on usage and do not require any upfront provisioning or maintenance.
✑ It is scalable, as it can handle any number of recipe records that are uploaded to the S3 bucket without any performance degradation or manual intervention.
✑ It is easy to implement, as it does not require any machine learning knowledge or complex data processing logic. Amazon Comprehend is a natural language processing service that can automatically extract entities such as ingredients from text files. The Lambda function can simply invoke the Comprehend API and store the results in the DynamoDB table.
✑ It is reliable, as it can handle non-food records and errors gracefully. Amazon Comprehend can detect the language and domain of the text files and return an appropriate response. The Lambda function can also implement error handling and logging mechanisms to ensure the data quality and integrity.
References:
✑ Using AWS Lambda with Amazon S3 - AWS Lambda
✑ What Is Amazon Comprehend? - Amazon Comprehend
✑ Working with Tables - Amazon DynamoDB

- (Topic 4)
An image hosting company uploads its large assets to Amazon S3 Standard buckets The company uses multipart upload in parallel by using S3 APIs and overwrites if the same object is uploaded again. For the first 30 days after upload, the objects will be accessed frequently. The objects will be used less frequently after 30 days, but the access patterns for each object will be inconsistent The company must optimize its S3 storage costs while maintaining high availability and resiliency of stored assets.
Which combination of actions should a solutions architect recommend to meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)

1. A. Move assets to S3 Intelligent-Tiering after 30 days.
2. B. Configure an S3 Lifecycle policy to clean up incomplete multipart uploads.
3. C. Configure an S3 Lifecycle policy to clean up expired object delete markers.
4. D. Move assets to S3 Standard-Infrequent Access (S3 Standard-IA) after 30 days
5. E. Move assets to S3 One Zone-Infrequent Access (S3 One Zone-IA) after 30 days.

Correct Answer: AB
S3 Intelligent-Tiering is a storage class that automatically moves data to the most cost-effective access tier based on access frequency, without performance impact, retrieval fees, or operational overhead1. It is ideal for data with unknown or changing access patterns, such as the company’s assets. By moving assets to S3 Intelligent-Tiering after 30 days, the company can optimize its storage costs while maintaining high availability and resilience of stored assets.
S3 Lifecycle is a feature that enables you to manage your objects so that they are stored cost effectively throughout their lifecycle2. You can create lifecycle rules to define actions that Amazon S3 applies to a group of objects. One of the actions is to abort incomplete multipart uploads that can occur when an upload is interrupted. By configuring an S3 Lifecycle policy to clean up incomplete multipart uploads, the company can reduce its storage costs and avoid paying for parts that are not used.
Option C is incorrect because expired object delete markers are automatically deleted by Amazon S3 and do not incur any storage costs3. Therefore, configuring an S3 Lifecycle policy to clean up expired object delete markers will not have any effect on the company’s storage costs.
Option D is incorrect because S3 Standard-IA is a storage class for data that is accessed less frequently, but requires rapid access when needed1. It has a lower storage cost than S3 Standard, but it has a higher retrieval cost and a minimum storage duration charge of 30 days. Therefore, moving assets to S3 Standard-IA after 30 days may not optimize the company’s storage costs if the assets are still accessed occasionally.
Option E is incorrect because S3 One Zone-IA is a storage class for data that is accessed less frequently, but requires rapid access when needed1. It has a lower storage cost than S3 Standard-IA, but it stores data in only one Availability Zone and has less resilience than other storage classes. It also has a higher retrieval cost and a minimum storage duration charge of 30 days. Therefore, moving assets to S3 One Zone-IA after 30 days may not optimize the company’s storage costs if the assets are still accessed occasionally or require high availability. Reference URL: 1: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/userguide/storage-class-intro.html 2:
https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/userguide/object-lifecycle-mgmt.html 3: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/userguide/delete-or-empty- bucket.html#delete-bucket-considerations : https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/userguide/mpuoverview.html : https://aws.amazon.com/certification/certified-solutions-architect-associate/

- (Topic 4)
A company has a service that reads and writes large amounts of data from an Amazon S3 bucket in the same AWS Region. The service is deployed on Amazon EC2 instances within the private subnet of a VPC. The service communicates with Amazon S3 over a NAT gateway in the public subnet. However, the company wants a solution that will reduce the data output costs.
Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

1. A. Provision a dedicated EC2 NAT instance in the public subne
2. B. Configure the route table for the private subnet to use the elastic network interface of this instance as the destination for all S3 traffic.
3. C. Provision a dedicated EC2 NAT instance in the private subne
4. D. Configure the route table for the public subnet to use the elastic network interface of this instance as the destination for all S3 traffic.
5. E. Provision a VPC gateway endpoin
6. F. Configure the route table for the private subnet to use the gateway endpoint as the route for all S3 traffic.
7. G. Provision a second NAT gatewa
8. H. Configure the route table for the private subnet to use this NAT gateway as the destination for all S3 traffic.

Correct Answer: C
it allows the company to reduce the data output costs for accessing Amazon S3 from Amazon EC2 instances in a VPC. By provisioning a VPC gateway endpoint, the company can enable private connectivity between the VPC and S3. By configuring the route table for the private subnet to use the gateway endpoint as the route for all S3 traffic, the company can avoid using a NAT gateway, which charges for data processing and data transfer. References:
✑ VPC Endpoints for Amazon S3
✑ VPC Endpoints Pricing

- (Topic 3)
A company's application runs on AWS. The application stores large documents in an Amazon S3 bucket that uses the S3 Standard-infrequent Access (S3 Standerd-IA) storage class. The company will continue paying to store the data but wants to save on its total S3 costs. The company wants authorized external users to have the ability to access the documents in milliseconds.
Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

1. A. Configure the S3 bucket to be a Requester Pays bucket
2. B. Change the storage tier to S3 Standard for all existing and future objects.
3. C. Turn on S3 Transfer Acceleration tor the S3 Docket
4. D. Use Amazon CloudFront to handle all the requests to the S3 bucket

Correct Answer: D
This option is the most efficient because it uses Amazon CloudFront, which is a web service that speeds up distribution of your static and dynamic web content, such as .html,
.css, .js, and image files, to your users1. It also uses CloudFront to handle all the requests to the S3 bucket, which reduces the S3 costs by caching the content at the edge locations and serving it from there. It also allows authorized external users to access the documents in milliseconds, as CloudFront delivers the content with low latency and high data transfer rates. This solution meets the requirement of continuing paying to store the data but saving on its total S3 costs. Option A is less efficient because it configures the S3 bucket to be a Requester Pays bucket, which is a way to shift the cost of data transfer and requests from the bucket owner to the requester2. However, this does not reduce the total S3 costs, as the company still has to pay for storing the data and for any requests made by its own users. Option B is less efficient because it changes the storage tier to S3 Standard for all existing and future objects, which is a way to store frequently accessed data with high durability and availability3. However, this does not reduce the total S3 costs, as S3 Standard has higher storage costs than S3 Standard-IA. Option C is less efficient because it turns on S3 Transfer Acceleration for the S3 bucket, which is a way to speed up transfers into and out of an S3 bucket by routing requests through CloudFront edge locations4. However, this does not reduce the total S3 costs, as S3 Transfer Acceleration has additional charges for data transfer and requests.