AWS-Certified-Security-Specialty Free Practice Test

Auditors for a health care company have mandated that all data volumes be encrypted at rest Infrastructure is deployed mainly via IAM CloudFormation however third-party frameworks and manual deployment are required on some legacy systems
What is the BEST way to monitor, on a recurring basis, whether all EBS volumes are encrypted?

1. A. On a recurring basis, update an IAM user policies to require that EC2 instances are created with an encrypted volume
2. B. Configure an IAM Config rule lo run on a recurring basis 'or volume encryption
3. C. Set up Amazon Inspector rules tor volume encryption to run on a recurring schedule
4. D. Use CloudWatch Logs to determine whether instances were created with an encrypted volume

Correct Answer: B
To support answer B, use the reference https://d1.IAMstatic.com/whitepapers/IAM-security-whitepaper.pdf "For example, IAM Config provides a managed IAM Config Rules to ensure that encryption is turned on for
all EBS volumes in your account."

A company's security team is building a solution for logging and visualization. The solution will assist the company with the large variety and velocity of data that it receives from IAM across multiple accounts. The security team has enabled IAM CloudTrail and VPC Flow Logs in all of its accounts. In addition, the company has an organization in IAM Organizations and has an IAM Security Hub master account.
The security team wants to use Amazon Detective However the security team cannot enable Detective and is unsure why
What must the security team do to enable Detective?

1. A. Enable Amazon Macie so that Secunty H jb will allow Detective to process findings from Macie.
2. B. Disable IAM Key Management Service (IAM KMS) encryption on CtoudTrail logs in every member account of the organization
3. C. Enable Amazon GuardDuty on all member accounts Try to enable Detective in 48 hours
4. D. Ensure that the principal that launches Detective has the organizations ListAccounts permission

Correct Answer: D

A security engineer needs to create an Amazon S3 bucket policy to grant least privilege read access to IAM user accounts that are named User=1, User2. and User3. These IAM user accounts are members of the AuthorizedPeople IAM group. The security engineer drafts the following S3 bucket policy:

When the security engineer tries to add the policy to the S3 bucket, the following error message appears: "Missing required field Principal." The security engineer is adding a Principal element to the policy. The addition must provide read access to only User1. User2, and User3. Which solution meets these requirements?
A)

B)

C)

D)

1. A. Option A
2. B. Option B
3. C. Option C
4. D. Option D

Correct Answer: A

A security engineer recently rotated the host keys for an Amazon EC2 instance. The security engineer is trying to access the EC2 instance by using the EC2 Instance. Connect feature. However, the security engineer receives an error (or failed host key validation. Before the rotation of the host keys EC2 Instance Connect worked correctly with this EC2 instance.
What should the security engineer do to resolve this error?

1. A. Import the key material into AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS).
2. B. Manually upload the new host key to the AWS trusted host keys database.
3. C. Ensure that the AmazonSSMManagedInstanceCore policy is attached to the EC2 instance profile.
4. D. Create a new SSH key pair for the EC2 instance.

Correct Answer: B
To set up a CloudFront distribution for an S3 bucket that hosts a static website, and to allow only specified IP addresses to access the website, the following steps are required:
Create a CloudFront origin access identity (OAI), which is a special CloudFront user that you can associate with your distribution. An OAI allows you to restrict access to your S3 content by using signed URLs or signed cookies. For more information, see Using an origin access identity to restrict access to your Amazon S3 content.
Create the S3 bucket policy so that only the OAI has access. This will prevent users from accessing the website directly by using S3 URLs, as they will receive an Access Denied error. To do this, use the AWS Policy Generator to create a bucket policy that grants s3:GetObject permission to the OAI, and attach it to the S3 bucket. For more information, see Restricting access to Amazon S3 content by using an origin access identity.
Create an AWS WAF web ACL and add an IP set rule. AWS WAF is a web application firewall service that lets you control access to your web applications. An IP set is a condition that specifies a list of IP addresses or IP address ranges that requests originate from. You can use an IP set rule to allow or block
requests based on the IP addresses of the requesters. For more information, see Working with IP match conditions.
Associate the web ACL with the CloudFront distribution. This will ensure that the web ACL filters all requests for your website before they reach your origin. You can do this by using the AWS WAF console, API, or CLI. For more information, see Associating or disassociating a web ACL with a CloudFront distribution.
This solution will meet the requirements of allowing only specified IP addresses to access the website and preventing direct access by using S3 URLs.
The other options are incorrect because they either do not create a CloudFront distribution for the S3 bucket (A), do not use an OAI to restrict access to the S3 bucket ©, or do not use AWS WAF to block traffic from outside the specified IP addresses (D).
Verified References:
https://docs.aws.amazon.com/waf/latest/developerguide/web-acl-ip-conditions.html

Company A has an AWS account that is named Account A. Company A recently acquired Company B, which has an AWS account that is named Account B. Company B stores its files in an Amazon S3 bucket.
The administrators need to give a user from Account A full access to the S3 bucket in Account B.
After the administrators adjust the IAM permissions for the user in AccountA to access the S3 bucket in Account B, the user still cannot access any files in the S3 bucket.
Which solution will resolve this issue?

1. A. In Account B, create a bucket ACL to allow the user from Account A to access the S3 bucket in Account B.
2. B. In Account B, create an object ACL to allow the user from Account A to access all the objects in the S3 bucket in Account B.
3. C. In Account B, create a bucket policy to allow the user from Account A to access the S3 bucket in Account B.
4. D. In Account B, create a user policy to allow the user from Account A to access the S3 bucket in Account B.

Correct Answer: C
A bucket policy is a resource-based policy that defines permissions for a specific S3 bucket. It can be used to grant cross-account access to another AWS account or an IAM user or role in another account. A bucket policy can also specify which actions, resources, and conditions are allowed or denied.
A bucket ACL is an access control list that grants basic read or write permissions to predefined groups of users. It cannot be used to grant cross-account access to a specific IAM user or role in another account.
An object ACL is an access control list that grants basic read or write permissions to predefined groups of users for a specific object in an S3 bucket. It cannot be used to grant cross-account access to a specific IAM user or role in another account.
A user policy is an IAM policy that defines permissions for an IAM user or role in the same account. It cannot be used to grant cross-account access to another AWS account or an IAM user or role in another account.
For more information, see Provide cross-account access to objects in Amazon S3 buckets and Example 2: Bucket owner granting cross-account bucket permissions.